In the recent period, there have been few major breakthroughs in the development of packaging technology. What's more is that existing and upcoming laws and regulations affect the packaging industry in a variety of ways. These include:
1. As in the past, the phenomenon of frequent changes in regulations is likely to continue. This has created great difficulties for the investment industry's investment plans. Due to ecological considerations, it will continue to require a larger amount of investment to establish methods and equipment to prevent pollution.
2. The antitrust law in the United States is likely to extend to other parts of the world, which will make the rationalization of packaging industry production organizations more difficult.
3. All aspects of packaging will be strictly controlled to protect consumer interests and protect fair trade.
4. An important case is that a significant number of packaging-related ECE directives affect the development of packaging throughout Europe.
In industrialized countries, since the energy crisis, due to its great impact, especially the huge impact on packaging costs, the packaging industry is concentrating on finding more economical packaging methods, along with various research methods and The use of value analysis methods, a systematic search for new packaging solutions is underway.
The new packaging plan should focus on the following three questions:
1. How can a package that does not satisfactorily protect the contents be improved without increasing the cost?
2. For a package with very satisfactory performance, how can it reduce its cost without reducing its performance characteristics?
3. How can a new unpackaged product that has never entered the market be packaged economically?
In the search for new packaging solutions, the big problem for developing countries is the lack of technical and commercial intelligence and knowledge. Effective measures must be taken on these issues. The development trend of the circulation system in industrialized countries is increasingly concerned about the increasing labor costs.
In Europe, the total cost of circulation accounts for 60% of the retail price of the product. The United States is no less than this number. In contrast to this fact, it is not difficult to understand why developed countries must focus on reducing manpower handling, speeding up loading and unloading, and rationalizing the management of supermarkets. Of course, it is important for us to adapt the packaging to these requirements.
Today, in the more developed industrialized countries, about 80% of food and other large consumer goods are circulated through the self-service of supermarket customers. Most other distribution channels, such as department stores, are also working to reduce labor costs through self-service. Even in the less advanced market, this circulation system that places special demands on packaging is rapidly increasing.
Therefore, most products will have to be pre-packaged to suit the needs of the circulation system. Consumers are becoming more experienced and active in protecting their own interests. This means that they will be more concerned about the composition, raw materials and related conditions of new products and products, shorter working hours and more free time, and more and more housewives participating in the work to make the activities of the members of the family more It is unique, which makes the convenience food widely used. In this case, microwave ovens will become more and more popular, and small packages that can be baked in a microwave oven become more and more important.
In the population, an increase in the proportion of older persons and a decrease in the average household population will result in a large use of smaller packages, while on the other hand, the size of certain packages tends to increase due to economic considerations. It is difficult to predict what changes will occur in the design of the decoration for the purpose of marketing, but the use of strong-capitalized trademarks seems to have become a trend. Including large supermarket systems like to use their own trademarks. Regulations governing fair trade activities and mandatory labeling regulations can seriously affect the design of the fixture so that the designer finds himself unable to creatively represent the product.
In the European market, the simplification of packaging design has become a typical phenomenon. In North America, this phenomenon seems to be more common. The following trends will be described in terms of packaging materials and methods.
(1) Wood packaging
Still a common packaging material, especially for fresh fruits and vegetables. Due to the handling of empty containers, it is doubtful whether it will continue to be recognized by the market in the future.
Wooden pallets are gradually being replaced by new handling techniques (such as slides, forklifts with clamping devices, etc.).
The new nails significantly increase the strength of the wooden box.
(2) Paper and cardboard packaging
Primary or semi-bleached paper and paperboard are becoming more popular. The same is true for food packaging in the future.
Regenerated cellulose film (celluloid) is being replaced by a plastic film, mainly a polypropylene film. Aluminum foil laminates are being replaced by vacuum-coated aluminum paper and paperboard.
The development of bakeable cardboard containers. That is, the pre-formed frozen meal is packaged in a bakeable cardboard container that has been specially treated (for example, treated with polyester) for consumers to heat directly in a microwave oven.
The paper bag manufacturing industry is actively looking for new applications. Large paper bags (biebag) have been developed for the transport of semi-bulk cargo.
Another semi-bulk package that is becoming more and more popular is a pallet box made of high-strength corrugated cardboard.
Corrugated cardboard boxes with plastic linings are increasingly being filled with liquid products (packages such as "bags").
Wrapped corrugated box structures and equipment are being widely used in the transportation of canned or bottled products because it saves raw materials.
Various types of small packages are increasingly being placed on corrugated cardboard trays and then wrapped in plastic shrink film or stretch film wrap.
Composite cardboard cans have re-emerged as replacements for metal and other types of small packages. Both ends of the composite tank are increasingly made of plastic.
Molded pulp is gaining popularity as a packaging material for environmental protection and is gaining new applications, such as cushioning materials.
(3) Metal packaging
Wuxi steel sheets (TVS) are increasingly being used as raw materials for metal cans. The side seams of the can body are welded or bonded.
Two aluminum cans are giving way to iron cans due to price and performance reasons, but they retain their status in terms of canned fish and special shaped flat cans. It usually depends on the economics of the raw materials in a particular market.
Flexible retort pouches, polypropylene-based plastic cans and composite cardboard cans are increasingly becoming a replacement for metal cans.
Metal cans with corrugated ribs are increasing. Because better strength can be obtained with the same or less materials. Today's metal cans weigh about 30% less than the 1970 metal cans.
Tank-opening cans are becoming more popular, especially with no new structures that can be littered.
Aluminum foil is gaining popularity as a component of flexible packaging materials. But it is also threatened by vacuum aluminized film.
Spray tank manufacturers are replacing fluorocarbon propellants with other safer gases. Spray methods using mechanical pump construction have also become increasingly popular as a replacement for spray packaging.
(4) Glass packaging
Contrary to popular belief, glass will continue to be a very viable packaging material. Especially in developing countries.
Research and development projects such as lightweighting glass containers and increasing strength and preventing scratches by various surface treatments have been basically completed.
Future research will focus on energy conservation in glass production.
In some developed countries, returnable glass packaging is more encouraged by the government than non-returnable glass packaging.
For some products, the jar structure is used more and more because it has higher strength, space saving and consumer convenience.
(5) Plastic packaging is reviewed by material type:
Polyethylene (PE) will continue to be the main plastic for packaging, although it is threatened by the development of polypropylene.
High density polyethylene (PE) will be developed and will replace some applications of paper.
Polypropylene (PP), especially stretched polypropylene (OPP), will develop at a rapid rate. The regenerated cellulose film (Cesare) will be replaced by OPP.
New grades of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) have overcome most of the problems associated with toxicity. Now, sales have risen again rapidly.
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