Another artifact Stratonics that controls the quality of metal 3D printing

The 3D printing industry, along with GE's acquisition and investment in two major manufacturers of metal 3D printers : Arcam, Sweden and SLM Solutions, Germany. GE itself also crosses the boundaries of metal 3D printer users to printer manufacturers and users. I believe that one day, when we look back at history, we will find that this acquisition time is a clear sign that metal 3D printing technology has become mainstream technology.

However, in addition to printing speed and the value of metal powder, metal 3D printing still has many obstacles to overcome: if it is to be widely adopted as a reliable final part manufacturing method, the print quality must be controllable and stable. How to reduce or even eliminate the pores caused by powder bed metal 3D printing technology is the direction that scientists have been working on, including adjustment of processing parameters, process monitoring and control in process, quality feedback, data correlation analysis and so on.

In response to this technical pain point, some startups, including 3DSIM in the US and Amphyon in Germany, are committed to improving the prediction of the process through simulation software. It may be similar to Sigma Labs' combination of hardware and algorithms to gain control over the layer-by-layer scanning process. Stratonics from California also uses hardware and software to monitor and control the printing process. What we need to emphasize is that Stratonics deserve attention because they have been recognized by large institutions and national laboratories, including the American Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL).

Measuring heat

During the melting process, each laser spot creates a micro-melting pool, from the melting of the powder to the cooling to a solid structure. The size of the spot and the amount of heat generated by the power determine the size of the micro-melting pool, thus affecting the parts. Microcrystalline structure.

In order to melt the powder, sufficient laser energy must be transferred to the material to melt the powder in the central zone to create a fully dense portion, but at the same time the heat is transmitted beyond the circumference of the laser spot, affecting the surrounding powder. When the temperature of the area after the laser falls, softened but not liquefied particles appear around the micro-melting pool due to the heat conduction.

In order to achieve the monitoring of the bath heat, unlike the method of layer-by-layer shooting by camera, Stratonics' high-resolution thermal imaging sensor is based on dual-wavelength measurement sensing method for LENS technology and SLM technology. Absolutely accurate, it is a real and effective temperature measurement technology. This allows for a temperature change in the material heating and melting process, as well as detailed data on how it conducts heat and how it is cooled. These data are presented in a matrix-like manner in relation to the geometry of the process, so that the operator can accurately predict how the processing parameters affect the quality of the finished part, including laser power, system scan speed, scanning and powder bed. Distance, powder layer thickness and other factors.

Of course, some 3D printing equipment manufacturers use a pyrometer to achieve temperature recording. However, as a result of a wavelength range, a monochrome pyrometer may not be accurate. The pyrometer only gives the user an average temperature for some large areas. An indicator of temperature, but not necessarily a measure of absolute temperature. We understand that Stratonics' sensor systems can be used for temperature measurement from stainless steel to titanium alloys and other high temperature metal processing processes, and are not as limited as monochromatic pyrometers.

ThermaViz real-time control software

Stratonics' ThermaViz real-time control software adjusts and controls the machining process by feeding back the data information from the sensor. When the software finds that the machining process will lead to scrapping or quality problems, the feedback system will automatically adjust the machining parameters to ensure Stable heat output.

To this end, Stratonics also demonstrated through the University of Pennsylvania's Optomec LENS 3D device, through the real-time thermal image and standard thermal parameters to achieve automatic adjustment of the process, resulting in a more consistent product, and achieve better Material crystal structure.

Of course, it does not mean that all processing can be automatically adjusted during the process. A fully automatic adjustment is a long-term effort. Stratonics' software provides emergency measures, including an understanding of the process and an understanding of the data. When the software system determines that the process has deviated from the normal range, an alarm is issued and the operator can determine whether to terminate the process to avoid material. Waste.

Currently, Stratonics hardware and software systems are not only recognized by Oak Ridge National Laboratory, but also by major metal printing equipment manufacturers, and Honeywell, Boeing, Aerojet and the University of Texas, Mississippi State University Both Pennsylvania State University have begun using Stratonics hardware and software systems.

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