Recently, researchers at the Malaysian University of Technology and the Rennes First University in France presented the ability of 3D printing to optimize the production of refrigerators at the 8th International Conference on Applied Energy. The researchers used a StratasysObjet 243D printer to make a heat exchanger stack on the core of a thermoacoustic engine.
At the 8th International Conference on Applied Energy, 3D printing demonstrated its ability to optimize the production of refrigerators. This technology is used to fabricate heat exchanger stack plates located at the core of a thermoacoustic engine. Thermoacoustic engines use sound waves to cool.
Replace dangerous chemicals
A typical refrigerator uses ammonia, sulfur dioxide, propane and other toxic gases to cool. When released into the atmosphere, these substances can cause harm to people and the atmosphere.
In contrast, thermoacoustic refrigerators (TARs) use inert gases, and their thermoacoustic engines direct sound waves through a specially designed flat stack to generate and distribute heat. These plates are usually made of a special CorningCelcor ceramic material or Mylar plastic. They are either prepared or hand cut to meet specifications.
Noting the inefficiency of this approach, researchers at the Malaysian University of Technology and the University of Rennes in France proposed using 3D printing to make these stacked panels.
3D printing stacking board
To print the stacked boards, the researchers used a StratasysObjet 243D printer. The machine sprays the material onto a substrate and then cures it into a solid layer. In this process, the flat media used by the researchers was Stratasys' VeroWhite Plus Rgd835 rigid opaque material. In terms of thermal conductivity, VeroWhitePlus is superior to the commonly used Mylar plastic, but its conductivity is not as good as Celcor ceramics.
The limitation of 3D printing is that the spacing between the stacked boards is 0.5 mm, which is larger than the ideal spacing, and the narrower spacing increases the coefficient of performance (COP) of the stacked boards. In contrast, this spacing is already good, because the spacing between off-the-shelf Celcor ceramic stacking plates is 1 mm. The 3D printed stacking plate has a matching thickness.
Improve performance and optimize
Once the 3D printing is complete, the VeroWhitePlus stacking plate is placed in an experimental thermoacoustic device to test its efficiency. The highest temperature test showed that the 3D printed stacked board showed the best performance compared to Mylar plastic and Celcor ceramics.
Finally, the researchers concluded that through 3D printing, errors from drawing stacked boards to manufacturing have been minimized, inconsistencies are eliminated, and manufacturing time is reduced. If manufacturing technology can keep up with optimization theory, the performance of thermoacoustic refrigerators is expected to be further improved.
(Editor)
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