Distillation is a technique for separating components of a uniformly mixed liquid. The lighter components are evaporated and condensed and collected to achieve the purpose of separation. For the separation of heat-sensitive or high-boiling substances, the boiling point can be lowered by reducing the distillation pressure to achieve distillation at lower temperatures.
In ordinary distillation, such as batch distillation, the pressure in the distillation tank cannot fall below a few mbar. This is due to the large pressure drop from the evaporator to the external condenser; the gas that evaporates when the pressure is reduced will increase, and the air pressure in the pipeline will not change. Moreover, the bulk of the material to be evaporated itself will affect the evaporation of light components because it is above the heating surface.
Another disadvantage of such batch distillation is that the residence time of the material in the evaporator is too long, generally one hour or more. Decompose heat-sensitive substances.
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