With the improvement of living standards, people's concept of wearing and wearing fabrics has changed a lot, not only paying attention to the style of clothing, but also emphasizing the combination of fabric texture, feel, perception, etc. with the style of clothing, but also to the consumption Comfort, aesthetics, warmth and coldness also put forward higher requirements. The emergence of pile printing and foaming products adds icing to all kinds of novel and unique textiles to meet people's consumption needs.
1 The principle of velvet foam three-dimensional printing
1.1 Fleece and foam
Fleece foam three-dimensional printing is a printing method that has a traditional three-dimensional pattern and has a three-dimensional effect on flat fabrics. The velvet printing resembles velvet embroidery, plus the three-dimensional foam printing pattern, which makes the fabric appear concave and convex, bright and bright, and gorgeous appearance. The printing method and equipment and process are similar to general paint printing. However, in the heat treatment, the pattern rapidly rises and expands, forming a different three-dimensional shape.
1.2 Composition of pile printing paste
The composition of the printing paste material for pile printing is as follows.
Microcapsule preparation 40g ～ 60g ～
Adhesive / 10g ～ 15g
Adhesive / 0g ～ 5g
Urea / 5g ～ 10g
Thickener / Appropriate amount / 100g
1.3 Pattern and color design of velvet foam printing
Due to the thick texture of the velvet foam printing, in the design of the pattern, a pattern with large block surface and strong color contrast should be used to enhance the visual impact. You can choose animal patterns such as dragon, phoenix, and gold in folk embroidery, and add traditional embellishments, cloud patterns, and curly patterns to form a rich and auspicious decorative effect. The design of the pattern adopts the method of imitation embroidery, such as "picking flower", "cross stitch", "flat embroidery". Numerous patterns with different shapes are formed to enhance the layering of parallel lines, vertical lines, and 45 oblique lines of the warp and weft yarns of the pile fabric, so that the patterns appear natural and random. The color design of the pattern can have the tendency of color glaze. Each group of patterns has a clear hue, either red, blue or green to make the color of the pattern clear, strong and coordinated. Second, arrange properly.
2 Foam color paste additives selection and its impact on stability
Foam printing paste consists of all-aqueous binders, foaming agents, stabilizers, etc., through a mechanical method, a certain proportion of air is evenly mixed to form countless small and uniform bubble micropolymers, which is a relative Stable dispersion system, under the action of mechanical external force, the dispersion is printed on the fabric. Due to the capillary action of the fibers and the wetting ability of the foam, the foam bursts and forms, the initial viscosity of the color paste is restored, and then the desired uniform printing effect is achieved.
2.1 Selection of additives
The size, strength and stability of foam in foam printing are mainly related to the foaming agent and stabilizer. Therefore, it must be selected so that it has good compatibility, so that the foam has relative stability. Many surfactants can be used as blowing agents. Commonly used are sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate and sodium dodecyl sulfate, and the stabilizers include hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, dodecyl alcohol, and stearic acid amine. We think it is better to use sodium dodecyl sulfate as the foaming agent and amine stearate as the stabilizer.
2.1.1 The amount of blowing agent
The main function of the blowing agent is to reduce the surface tension of water. The amount of blowing agent will directly affect the foaming effect and the stability of the foam. If the amount is small, the surface tension of the water cannot be fully reduced, and foam of uneven size will be generated, and the stability of the foam will also be poor; if the amount is large, excessive foam will be formed, which will reduce the amount of liquid in the foam itself and reduce it. The wetting ability of the foam prevents the foam printed on the fabric from rupturing and draining and cannot quickly penetrate and diffuse inside the fiber, resulting in poor surface finish of the fabric. Through a large number of tests, it is considered that the amount of blowing agent is suitable between 1% and 1.2%.
2.1.2 Dosage of stabilizer
The stabilizer is mainly used to increase the half-life of the foam and extend the life of the foam. The general dosage is controlled between 0.8% and 1%. Too little can not achieve the purpose of stability. Too much will result in poor foam wetting ability and not easy to break. 2.2 The effect of initial viscosity, pH and temperature on foam stability
2.2.1 Initial viscosity
The foam paste has a certain viscosity to ensure the normal working pressure of the foam and increase the thickness of the foam wall. According to the test results, it is believed that under certain circumstances, the viscosity should be controlled at 35Pa · s ~ 37Pa · s, and the rotary viscometer should be used to measure under the condition of 30 # rotor 30r / min. If the viscosity is too low, the foaming effect is poor and the foam is uneven; if the viscosity is too high, the printed fabric will feel hard.
2.2.2 pH
PTF is used as the thickener for foam printing, and its amount determines the initial viscosity of the color paste. When the pH value is low, the PTF cannot be fully expanded, which makes the foam slurry rheologically poor. If the pH value is too high, the amount of PTF is increased, and the fabric feels hard. The best puffed state of PTF is a pH of 9-10.
2.2.3 Temperature
Temperature has a greater influence on the stability of the foam. Because the foam is formed by two phases of liquid and gas, the energy itself is unbalanced, and the increase in temperature will exacerbate the thermal motion of the molecules, which will cause the foam to burst. Therefore, a cooling pipe is installed on the foam generator, so that the generated foam always maintains the same temperature.
3 Conclusion
Fleece foam printing is a new process. The patterns printed by this process have the three-dimensional effect of flocking, embroidery and decals. The selection and amount of color paste and additives in the velvet foam printing process and the initial viscosity, pH value, temperature, pressure and other factors in the process have a certain influence on the quality of the velvet foam printing, and the rational selection of additives 1. Strict control of the amount of foaming agent and stabilizer can improve the quality of raised foam printing products.
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