According to the American Physicists Organization Network, researchers at the University of Georgia have developed a new material that can emit near-infrared light within two weeks after being exposed to sunlight for one minute. The material can be widely used in military, medical and solar cell fields. Related papers were published in the online version of the journal Nature.
The first material the researchers studied was trivalent chromium ions, a well-known near-infrared light emission source. When exposed to light, its electrons quickly transfer from the ground state to a higher energy state. As the electron returns to the ground state, energy is released with near infrared light. However, the time for trivalent chromium ions to emit light is generally short, usually a few milliseconds. In the latest research, the researchers used a zinc matrix and gallium germanate to construct a labyrinth "trap", whose chemical structure can capture and store excitation energy, and release the stored energy back to chromium ions in the form of thermal energy at room temperature Infrared light can last up to two weeks.
The researchers spent 3 years constantly perfecting the formula. The original material can only emit near-infrared light for a few minutes. By adjusting the composition ratio, sintering temperature and time, the material can finally emit light for up to two weeks. However, the researchers believe that they have not yet found the best formula, and the material has room for improvement.
The researchers also spent 1 year testing the materials indoors, outdoors, sunny days, cloudy days, rainy days, fresh water, salt water and other environments. As a result, it was found that even after corrosion in bleached water, the performance of the material remained unchanged for 3 months.
Researchers believe that this material will have a wide range of applications in military, medical and solar cells. On the military side, the material can be used to make ceramic discs, or to mix its powder with paint, as a lighting source for troops equipped with night vision equipment. In medicine, it can be combined with nanoparticles to combine with cancer cells to visualize the metastasis of cancer cells. In addition, because this material has an extraordinary ability to store and convert solar energy, it is expected to be used to manufacture more efficient solar cells.
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